The Point Of View Of Paulo Freire - 1299 Words

In the point of view of Paulo Freire, he argued that humanization is the true vocation as well as the central problem of man, as history has reflected that both humanization and dehumanization can be real alternatives. Humanization is our true vocation and this vocation is being attacked as well as negated. In order to restore the humanization, liberation is the fundamental drive of humanity and it is a key for social change. Liberation is the leading point to awake the critical awareness and the thinking process of the individual in the society. The oppressed is needed to restore the humanity of both the oppressors and the oppressed, which is the struggle of the liberation when it is carrying out. Freire suggested a new idea of education, that generates a partnership between the teachers and the students, permitting the student to engage into a dialogue and be able to start the process of humanization through thinking. Freire highlighted the issue of the fear of freedom in the oppressed, who are impacted by being immersed in a situation of oppression. He said that the oppressed people have to see beyond themselves and understand their situation, so that they can start thinking about their world. It could be achieved by the dialogue in education. As critical consciousness and the resulting combination of thought and action is the key to restore humanity, or to become humanised again. Freire believed that only the oppressed can save themselves and also theShow MoreRelatedEducation and the Learning Process1305 Words   |  5 PagesConcept of Education† and â€Å"Problem Posing Style.† The different of methods teaching are studied in detail by Paulo Freire in â€Å"Banking Concept of Education† and by Richard Rodriguez in â€Å"Achievement of Desire.† Reading the both essays and looking at the educational experience of Richard Rodriguez, one can assume which kind of pedagogy was used. Looking through the perspective of Paulo Freire on the educational experiences of Rodriguez throughout his schooling career falls into â€Å"Banking concept of Education†Read MoreThe Liberal Education And Education Essay1007 Words   |  5 Pagesan opportunity to discuss their point of views on particular issues. Those teach students to understand the perspectives of different groups or people. Which means liberal education builds up communicating skills and problem solving skills of students to share varieties of viewpoints. These discussions of methods of education came after an article that brought everyone to rethink about what is the education. Paulo Freire, author of Pedagogy of the oppressed. Freire wants everyone to have opportunitiesRead MoreComparison Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Asiana-Marie Davis Instructor Lisa McDawson Eng. 101 Nov. 27, 2013 Comparison essay of Paulo Freire and Richard Rodriguez Paulo Freire’s essay â€Å"the banking concept of education† and Richard Rodriguez’s essay â€Å"the achievement of desire† talk about the topic of education. Education is explored in many different ways. In Freire’s essay â€Å"the banking concept of education† he expresses his dislike of the education system and the distribution of power and authority in the class room. InRead MoreSocial Work Theories1618 Words   |  7 Pagesclients. The new ideology of the theories can impact the values of social worker’s. The purpose of this paper is to explore and inform how the concepts of relationship or alliance with clients from the work of the RCT theorist, Judith Herman, and Paulo Freire has influenced my values and developing sense of social work practice. As a student of social work I am taught to use a combination of theories in order to enhance my knowledge with helping clients. Some theories focus on understanding individualsRead MorePedagogy Of The Oppressed By Paulo Freire946 Words   |  4 PagesPaulo Freire is definitely a major contribution to education; he was the author of a book called pedagogy of the oppressed which, is a major influence to this article. Freire was a man who taught education theory at the Catholic University of Sao Paulo, and also worked in adult education; he also taught throughout Europe, the united states, and Chile. In this piece of his writing, Freire focuses on the correlation between students and teachers. He talks about how this relationship is handled incorrectlyRead MoreBanking Concept of Education Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesBanking Concept of Education Philosopher and educator Paulo Freire once said, â€Å"Education either functions as an instrument which is used to facilitate integration of the younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity or it becomes the practice of freedom, the means by which men and women deal critically and creatively with reality and discover how to participate in the transformation of their world.† In Freire’s work of â€Å"the Banking Concept of Concept†, he describesRead MoreCesar Freire s Pedagogy Of The Oppressed1084 Words   |  5 PagesPaulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed presents two distinct educational methods and asserts that problem-posing education, rather than the banking method, is what is necessary for humanity. This particular excerpt of Pedagogy of the Oppressed encapsulates a vast scope of education. It begins with an exposition, revealing what exactly banking method is, followed by the explanation of problem-posing edu cation. Throughout the duration of the chapter, Freire passionately presents his ideals aboutRead MoreTeaching And Learning By Paulo Freire s Speech Of Desire, And Alberto Alvaro Rios1468 Words   |  6 Pagesadequately achieve an effective conclusion: Paulo Freire, author of The â€Å"Banking† Concept of Education, Richard Rodriguez, author of The Achievement of Desire, and Alberto Alvaro Rios, author of Translating Translation: Finding the Beginning. All of these authors write about the way education currently functions as far as creativity and the importance of being curious enough, and their conclusions address reformation of issues in ways of teaching and learning. Freire uses his conclusion to acknowledge aRead MoreThe Achievement of Desire by Rodriguez Essay999 Words   |  4 Pages In Rodriguez’s essay, The Achievement of Desire, Rodriguez illustrates the characteristics of an automaton, thus confirming Freire’s views regarding the banking concept. Despite his classification as a scholarship boy, Rodriguez lacked his own point of view and confidence, which led him to be dominated by his teachers and his books. In the eyes of Paulo Frerie, Rodriguez would be considered a receptacle. He was filled not only with his teacher’s information, but also with knowledge obtainedRead More A Students View Of Paulo Freires Pedagogy Of The Oppressed974 Words   |  4 PagesA Student’s View of Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed Freire was one of the most radical insistent educational thinkers of his time. He proposed his own educational theory for society. His argument was for an educational system that focused on creative learning and freedom. Freire’s method was known as the problem posing concept. It would allow students and teachers to communicate through dialogue while both are equally responsible in the learning process. Freire’s assessment of education

Topics to Evaluate Secrets That No One Else Knows About

Topics to Evaluate Secrets That No One Else Knows About Getting the Best Topics to Evaluate Each dissertation these topics will let you create an original and ambitious dissertation that will donate to the present knowledge of your subject location. Since there are lots of objects and phenomena we can assess, an evaluation essay can be written on an array of topics. Where graduate students get completely free dissertation help. Don't opt for a trendy new French restaurant if you don't have any idea what French cuisine should taste like. It's also helpful to present the opposite perspective. It can be quite hairy to narrow down the list of likely future capabilities. You won't remember all the particulars. Topics to Evaluate - the Conspiracy Having said this, it might be asked to use an ideal title in the name. The name should remain right in the center of the internet web page. The title ought to be entered the font that's regular the exact same as all the other nations in the text. Evaluate the newest version of your favourite smartphone. Topics to Evaluate at a Glance The proportion of men and women who need to be very competent in mathematics has at all times been and will continue to be small, but nevertheless, it won't get smaller. The judges shouldn't be restricted to accepting or rejecting the idea. Find out how to write quality paragraphs so you get your point across. Consider the criteria you're likely to use to earn your judgment. In evaluation essays, the thesis should argue the worth or deficiency of value of your specific topic depending on the criteria you'll later establish. Anyhow, it's crucial, because it is due to plagiarism and discipline. The entire world can help you to answer your question or solve the issue. When you pick a topic, the banking step is to make an outline. If you really need to narrow your subject, you might write about a particular individual, like a musical artist who focuses on society or culture. Whether you wind up speaking about topics within this zone by strategy or by luck, you're in an outstanding place to succeed. These tips may helpful no matter your function in the discussion. Provide background information regarding your topic or subject before you get started evaluating. Each topic should have its own heading before continuing on to the next topic so the last paper can be read without difficulty. These topics are an indication of important topics of current interest within the field. Ideally, your sales people would play the part of customers and non-sales individuals would play the function of sales people. There are certain standards you expect from the phone based on just what the provider states the phone can do, and there are certain standards you expect from the service the business is offering dependent on the firm's own info. Your company shouldn't be implementing ideas which are likely to be costly failures. When choosing your subject, you're likely to want to concentrate on a particular company, product, policy, or business. It's also about reviewing ideas to be able to r ecognize those which are most likely to develop into successful innovations. Progress Registration field to indicate what type of progress you would like to record. Free range parenting because you can see, there are an excellent number of useful, informative and intriguing topics to write about and evaluate. The majority of the expressed terms will need to start with capitals. The Good, the Bad and Topics to Evaluate Elaborate guide about how to begin an essay After an instructor assigns an essay, among the very first questions that students ask is the best way to begin their essays. Such terms really ought to be italicized within the title and through the full essay. In the center of the introduction, you'll need to totally explain the statistic and the way that it applies to the remaining part of the essay, especially the thesis. You should name your organization in the introduction and the 3 topics you're writing about. An employee who takes ownership of assigned tasks and can determine ways to get things done is an excellent asset. For each employee, you want to think of performance standards and goals. If everyone receives the very same positive performance review regardless of what they do, employees are going to have little incentive to do their very best. The evaluation procedure will seem fairer to your workers if they've got an opportunity to share their concerns, too.

Essay On The Awakening Example For Students

Essay On The Awakening The Awakening Responsibility and Duty as they Relate to The AwakeningMost cultures put heavy emphasis upon responsibility and duty.The culture portrayed in Kate Chopins book The Awakening visibly reflects a similar emphasis.The main character finds herself wanting to stray from her responsibilities and embrace her intense desire for personal fulfillment.Ednas choice to escape shows two elements: rebellion to the suppression of her adventurous spirit and the lack of fulfillment in her relationship.Although she embraces her new found freedoms, she commits suicide at the denouement of the book due to her frustration with the world around her. Many philosophers have dealt with the question of whether to live a life of servitude or to pursue ones greater happiness.Immanuel Kant stipulates that the more people cultivate their reason, the less likely they are to find happiness.Kate Chopins character Edna tries her entire life to fit in the prescribed mold of the women of her time.She invests so much time into duty and responsibility that she loses any happiness that she could hope to achieve.With time, Kant noted, the person who devotes their life to reason finds themselves needing a release, in the end despising reason, and eventually pursuing only their true happiness. After being reasonable for the twenty-eight years of her life, Edna breaks down.She wants to pursue love and disregard her duty to her husband and children.She falls in what she considers girlish love with the character Robert.She proclaims to him:I love you . . . only you; no one but you.If was you who awoke me last summer out of a life-long, stupid dream . . .Oh!I have suffered!Now you are here we shall love each other.Nothing else in the world is of any consequence.In keeping with Kants philosophy, Ednas life has been riddled with reason and duty, essentially giving herself away to the people around her.This devotion to responsibility causes her to break away from her common behavioral pattern and moves her to focus on finding her inherent happiness. Ayn Rand objectivism states that a person should live life by pursuing their abilities and engaging intrade of equal value with others.Further her philosophy states that working for anothers good or sacrificing your self for anothers happiness goes against the very nature of existence. Edna was not engaged in the pursuit of her finest abilities.She lived her life for others, not for herself.In the initial text it states that Mrs. Pontellier was not a mother-women, she did not truly fit that profile until further along in the novel.For the duration of her marriage she stayed in her place as a child-bearing wife, doing little but existing for the pleasures of her husband as a prized token more than a companion. These philosophies all profess the logic of abandoning culturally imposed responsibility in order to pursue those activities that contribute to ones own happiness.Being subdued by society, the character Edna Pontellier, has no other choice than to rebel and find happiness by redefining her position in life. Direct Response to the Quotations in the EssayIn Chapter XVI, Edna explains to Madame Ratignolle, I would give up the unessential; I would give my money, I would give my life for my children; but I wouldnt give myself.Her unwillingness to sacrifice herself for her children and her husband demonstrates that she does not want to give herself away in order to make others happy.Edna can give her children superficial items, yet because of her new found awakening she can no longer truly serve to provide for their happiness.The only point that she makes clear in that statement is that she would give her life for her children, showing that she loves them but cannot define herself based on creating their happiness.Her awakening evolves into a selfish agenda, concerned only with her own happiness and disregarding all others. .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .postImageUrl , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:hover , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:visited , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:active { border:0!important; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:active , .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4 .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua0342e8960a82470d3af367cca24d4a4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Colorado River (4580 words) EssayIn short, Mrs. Pontellier was not a mother-woman.This quote states the simple truth that Edna, by nature, is not a mother in the classic sense of the word.She loves her children, though she cannot provide them the same type of nurturing, and care as the Creole women around her.She simply will not allow her inner self to be crushed by the bounds of mother hood.By nature she craves freedom and happiness, and as a mother she can neither provide that to her children or herself. Edna says the following to Robert:I love you . . . only you; no one but you.If was you who awoke me last summer out of a life-long, stupid dream . . .Oh!I have suffered!Now you are here we shall love each other.Nothing else in the world is of any consequence.In this quotation Edna is craving the adventure, love, and freedom that has been void from her life since her birth.Her dream, as she puts it, has truly been her nightmare, a prison containing her very life.This statement marks one of her greatest transitions, from a woman in a relationship of comfort to one trying to build a relationship on love.Now that love consumes her nothing else matters to her, she exists to find happiness, even if it means awakening from her dreams of responsibility and duty to do it.

Term paper free essay sample

We have gathered data by survey to understand individuals perception about rights and laws. We will write a custom essay sample on Term paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. 5 Limitation of the Study It is quite impossible for us to prepare a report without limitations. Lacking of information and time limitation are main limitation of the report. Further, it was difficult for us to create proper communication with urban people in Bangladesh. 1. Methodology of the Study The study is based on creating legal awareness through ICT in urban Bangladesh. To collect information we have visited different types of NGOs like Asha, Ain o Salish Kendro ,MohilaSomiti and some other organizations, and we also studied different of ICT and children development, the peoples republic of Bangladesh for collecting information. 1. 7 Ethical Issues The ethical guidelines in completing this report include transparency and honesty in carrying out the study, timely data collection and compilation to finish the work within the deadline. In conducting the work, we have to study about rights and laws. Appropriate references have been included for materials obtained from secondary sources. Chapter 2 Introduction Legal Rights of People 2. 1 The so-called digital divide is actually several gaps in one. There is a technological divide†great gaps in infrastructure. There is a content divide. A lot of web-based information is simply not relevant to the real needs of people. And nearly 70 per cent of the worlds websites are in English, at times crowding out local voices and views. There is a gender divide, with women and girls enjoying less access to information technology than men and boys. This can be true of rich and poor countries alike. United Nations Secretary-General, Kofi Annan Statement to the World Summit on the Information Society, Geneva, 10 December 2003 The conventional societies have transformed into information societies with the rise of impact of Information and communication technologies (ICTs). ICTs have ensured the mass access to the stream of information and knowledge, which has improved the situation and decreased the socio-economic and practical barriers for the masses to get information about rights. The diffusion of the information and communication technologies in the societies especially in Asian societies have improved the situation in a sense that level of awareness is rising with the easy access to the information reating awareness about all the spheres of life including human and political rights. Formal political process and democracy are basically dependent on effective communication and properly conveyed decisions-making about political issues between citizens, politicians and other stakeholders who can be affected with collective political decisions (Habermas, 1996; vanDiJk, 2000). Internet has been increasingly used in campaigns and becoming a decisive factor in political campaign for candidates and web users alike with each passing election in developed countries (BucyAffe, 2006). The study of (Hansen Benoitb, 2005) investigated the immediate ffects of watching presidential candidates World Wide Web (WWW) sites of George W. Bush and A1 Gore in the 2000 general election and recorded that these sites have impacts on voters. Currently, the situation in developing countries is not the same as that of developed countries however, with the passage of time and with the diffusion of ICTs, it will change. The first few years of the new millennium witnessed extremely to 2003, the penetration of ICTs was one-quarter-billion in the developing countries. As a result of this rapid expansion in ICTs, youngsters belonging to developed and eveloping nations around the globe have got equal access to information and now they can share the ideas with other minds beyond the physical boundaries of their countries. It was estimated that there were 1. 4 billion of the web users by the year 2008. As per report of TU, there had been 20, 350, 000 Internet users since June, 2010 in Pakistan i. e. about 1 1. % of the population has reach to the Internet which actually does not represent the whole of the population. These Internet adaptors are usually belongs to urban areas with a better socio-economic and academic uplift and they can help trigger the process of true democracy. It has been observed that the Internet is enhancing the political participation between economically and educationally privileged users (Bonchek, 1997). 2. 2 Right of Life The Constitution of Bangladesh does not explicitly provide for the right to healthy environment either in the directive principles or as a fundamental right. Article 31 states that every citizen has the right to protection from action detrimental to the life liberty, body, reputation, or property, unless these are taken in accordance with law. It added that the citizens and the residents of Bangladesh have the inalienable right o be treated in accordance with law. If these rights are taken away, compensation must be paid. Article 32 states: No person shall be deprived of life or personal liberty saves in accordance with law. These two articles together incorporate the fundamental right to life. The following discussion suggests that this right to life includes the right to a healthy environment capable of supporting the growth of a meaningful existence of life. (l) In 1994, a public interest litigation was initiated before the Supreme Court dealing with air and noise pollution. The Supreme Court greed with the argument presented by the petitioner that the constitutional right to life does extend to include right to a safe and healthy environment. 2)ln a recent case, the Appellate Division and the High Court Division of the Supreme Court have dealt with the question in a positive manner. The Appellate Division, in the case of Dr. M. Farooque v. Bangladesh (3) has reiterated Bangladeshs commitment in the context of engaging concern for the conservation of environment, irrespective of the locality where it is threatened. This was a full court consensus Judgment and the ourt decided: The High Court Divisio n in the same case (4)expanded the fundamental right to life to include anything that affects life, public health and safety. It includes the enjoyment of pollution free water and air, improvement of public health by creating and sustaining conditions congenial to good health and ensuring quality of life consistent with human dignity. The court added that, if right to life means the right to protect health and normal longevity of any ordinary human being, then it could be said that the fundamental right to life ofa person has been threatened or endangered. 2. 3 Right to Equality The Constitution of India and Bangladesh provides that all are equal before the law and shall be accorded equal protection of the law. Equality before law means that, among equals, law shall be equal and shall be equally administered. Equal and no discrimination shall be made in conferment or imposition of liabilities. According to the Indian Constitution, article 14 states that: The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection before the laws within the territory of India. If article14 is infringed, it can have an impact on the environment and human rights. The urban environmental group frequently takes resort to article 14 to quash arbitrary municipal permissions for construction that are contrary to development regulations. Article 14 can be used to challenge government sanctions for mining and other activities with high human rights and environmental impact, where the permissions are arbitrarily granted without adequate consideration of environmental impacts. (5) Article 25 of the Constitution of Pakistan deals with right to equality. It states that all citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law and that there shall be no discrimination n the basis of sex alone. The Constitution of Bangladesh provides similar rights to the citizens. Term Paper free essay sample Almost all large corporations have gained some equines interest in a market outside of their own domestic market. However, the degree of global success varies dramatically among firms and industries. It is imperative for the managers and strategists to study each others international failures and successes in order to avoid duplicating the former and mimicking the latter. To exploit the opportunities of the world trade, companies will need to take an active and ongoing strategic approach to global marketing. Global marketing and the opportunities it offers businesses today depend on the ability to adapt and find new solutions to complex issues. Among the major concerns Of strategic planning is the understanding and diagnosis of the environment, which can be described by aggregating many of the variables into sub environments. Quail ¶y management is an important part of every companys strategic planning process. Its sole purpose is to improve the performance of the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Term Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This would appear to be common sense, yet very few international companies realize the promise of quality management to consistently improve the organizations results.Strategic planning is used by organizations to counter the internal ND external problems they experience. The internal and external problems prevent the firm to reach its goals. This paper will use strategic planning to solve the issues at the Chronicle Gazette and will offer the management of the company a strategic vision of where the newspaper publishing industry stands today and where it is headed over the next decade. Furthermore, it will also present different strategies that the company can investigate in order to survive in the new business environment. . State of the newspaper industry 2. 1. Declining circulation and revenue The newspaper industry is facing problems because of the advancement in technologies. The newspaper industry is the most profitable of all media industries. In order to produce its product, the newspaper industry combines technology, information gathering and packaging services, and financial support from advertisers and readers to produce a perishable product that is usable by literate audiences and whose usefulness to most consumers diminishes within a day.A variety of unique economic characteristics distinguish newspapers from other media. The mission Of newspaper enterprises includes both commercial and social facets. Like most other media, newspapers play important roles as facilitators of commerce, promoting consumption by creating consumer wants for products through advertising, and serving the financial interests of newspaper owners as part of the competitive economic system. Newspapers, however, play a greater role as facilitators of social and political expression than other media.As a result, newspaper firms tend to emphasize conveyance of information and ideas about contemporary events and issues to a greater degree than oth er Edie that are more entertainment oriented. The future of the newspaper industry is unclear because of declining readership, illiteracy, and technological changes, but there is no reason to believe the functions of newspapers will no longer be required or that newspaper companies do not have the ability to adapt and survive. Newspaper companies are concerned because it appears that the decline In readership of newspapers among the population as a whole will continue.Many persons, especially young people, appear uninterested in the current content of newspapers and make greater use of other media. Persons of all gees who cannot read, or do not read well, can be expected to increasingly use broadcast and cable services for their news, information, and advertising needs. Nevertheless, a great number of people can still be expected to want information of the type found in newspapers and there will continue to be a need for firms to gather and convey such information. Some futurists predict that the newspaper itself will disappear because of changes in production and distribution.They argue that the printing aspects of the industry will disappear and the electronic product currently being produced by the news ND advertising portions of newspaper companies will be transposed into an electronic newspaper deliv ered via cable or computer. Traditionalists disagree, arguing that the portability of newspapers will halt or delay such electronic distribution. In the short term, the prospects for the newspaper industry remain good. Habitual use and steady demand for the information product, as well its continuing attractiveness to advertisers, indicate that it should remain a profitable industry well into the 21st century.In the long term, the financial prospects of the newspaper industry are favorable even if genealogical and lifestyle changes lead consumers to accept electronic video- based distribution and the printing portion of the industry disappears. Under such a scenario, newspaper companies would replace their high-cost composition, printing, and distribution departments with a lower cost department that facilitates distribution or access through existing telecommunication or cable services, while continuing to use their prepares activities to provide the news and information for the new media product. . 2. Status of the newspaper leaders The New York Times and Wall Street journal are experiencing what other swapper businesses ar e facing. Both companies are still on a profitable state but the threat of new technology still affects their operations. The process of creating a product to distribute to market varies widely across the media industries. In the case of newspapers, for example, production is by necessity compressed into a few hours.Most processes assembling newsworthy items from reporters and wire services, layout and typesetting the physical availability of the product for distribution must take place in a compressed time frame. In contrast, the time frame for a book may be months or years. Within particular segments of the industry, there have been some notable changes in the production process in recent years. For example, few book and magazine publishers now physically undertake their own printing, as major commercial printers such as R. R. Donnelley Sons co. Do the majority of book and magazine printing on an ongoing basis.Technological developments have facilitated efficient operations for firms that require geographically dispersed facilities locations. For example, the availability of satellite communications improves the efficiency of the reduction process for publications where there is a standard product that is printed in several locations. Prominent examples include The Wall Street Journal and USA Today. The newspaper industry in the United States is characterized by monopoly and its attendant market power, with 98% of newspapers existing as the only daily paper published within their markets. In the few cities where local competition exists, it nearly always occurs between differentiated newspapers such as a broadsheet and a tabloid intended for different audiences or between papers that target substantially different geographic arrest than their competitors. The markets for most papers are the retail trading zones in which they exist. A national market is relevant for papers that circulate throughout the country and have the majority of their circulation outside the city of main publication.The national newspaper market in the U. S. Includes papers such as the Wall Street Journal, LISA Today, and Christian Science Monitor. This national list is usually supplemented with the New York Times, which gains only about One quarter of its circulation in the national market but is included because of its standing as the national newspaper of cord. In debates within the range of elite opinion, moreover, the Times have not been Fearless even in the face of gross outrages against law, morality, and the general interest.The newspaper industry is not significantly affected by globalization and remains primarily a domestic industry, both in the Ignited States and abroad. The primary reasons for the lack of globalization are that newspapers primary product is local and localized by nature and that linguistic limitations limit the exportability of newspapers. In terms of ownership, few American newspaper firms are globalization their operations for tragic reasons and lack of company structures and capabilities to support international activities. A notable exception has been DOD Jones Co. Which has aggressively pursued globalization through the establishment of regional editions, such as Wall Street Journal Europe and Wall Street Journal Asia. The Gannett Co. Makes USA Today available in some parts of the world through satellite printing and distribution agreements and the New York Times Co. Owns the Paris-based International Herald-Tribune. 3. Why newspapers are facing declining circulations and revenues? 3. 1 . External Assessment 3. 1. 1. Economic Forces Currently Newspapers are still profiting but it has been declining due to new technology such as the internet and the recent economic crisis.The internet has made sure that people dont need to buy newspapers. The economic crisis prevents some individuals to purchase newspapers. Aside from buyers, newspaper businesses rely on advertisers as a source of income. Even the advertisers or the alternative means of income of the newspaper businesses are affected by the internet and innovative media. In recent decades, advertisers have increasingly come to view newspapers as means of reaching ass audiences, rather than as means of reaching segmented audiences that were once available when multiple papers existed. Today, advertisers use other media particularly radio, magazines, and cablecasts to segment audiences and rely on newspapers, a print medium, for reaching mass audiences. In large local markets, some newspapers have begun to segment portions of their markets in geographic terms by providing cost-saving zoned editions that appeal most to local retail stores that serve customers only in a small portion of the entire newspapers market and to classified advertisers interested only in reaching nearby readers.The general reliance on newspapers as a mass medium by national and large advertisers has created a systemic economic problem that makes it nearly impossible for competing papers to survive in the same market. When more than one paper exists in a market, the secondary paper is disadvantaged because a disproportionate amount of advertising is given to the leading paper, regardless Of how closely the second paper approximates its circulation. 3. 1 . 2. Social, cultural, demographic, and environmental forces Daily newspapers have problems.Their readership, especially among younger traders and those most attractive to advertisers, is declining. Their mode of delivering what they produce requires huge capital expenditures in printing presses, newsprint, fleets of delivery trucks, and armies of individuals to drop the ink-on-crushed-trees product on readers doorsteps. Readers have long been used to getting their newspaper for very low cost, despite the fact that the expense of generating much of that content, especially local, original content, is going up.Readers have had their newspaper subsidized by advertisers, who were traditionally willing to pay for access to readers attention. But advertisers are discovering other means of communicating with potential buyers, especially through the use of direct mail and other highly tailored, one-to-one forms of marketing. Hundreds of competitors in the online world have discovered that it is economically feasible and profitable to unbundled the commodity information that has historically been one of the staples of newspapers and deliver it electronically to targeted audiences. The challenge to newspapers historic role as a mass medium with wide readership, deep advertiser support, status as an official publication racial to government, and a business model that was a license to print money has led many to examine how the newspaper of the future must change in order to survive. Newspapers are usually read by adults and some young people. The onset Of the internet reduced the young readers and it reduced the adult readers. People nowadays look for the internet as a primary source of information.People nowadays think that the internet is the faster and more efficient means of gaining all information. 3. 1. 3. Political, governmental and legal forces Economics oriented critics of government intervention in the media realm happily rely on oversimplified economics. Under certain purportedly normal circumstances, the market provides firms with an incentive to produce and sell the product as long as the products cost is less than the purchaser will pay, that is, as long as marginal costs are less than marginal price.The market thereby leads to a preference-maximizing production and distribution. The public may have reasons to presume the seller or producer exercises independent judgment and to believe that this supplier uses this independence to try to serve the purchasers interests. These concerns roved a ACTA last for the press to portray itself as independent and an explanation for most peoples outrage at any evidence that advertisers influence medias editorial content. People value media products for various reasons. Audiences want media products for entertainment or for specific information, as well as for edification. Attributes that make a media product good for one purpose may not be those that make it good for another. This diversity in functions introduces complications for the notion of the audience getting what it wants, complications that are often exacerbated due to the ultimate purchasers audiences and advertisers. Governments have not used means to give assistance to the newspaper industry. No laws have helped in reducing the problem of newspapers.The government only tries to moderate the contents of newspaper but it does not interfere in the situation and condition of the newspaper industry. The government has no power to moderate or reduce the onset of the use of the internet as a competitor for newspaper businesses because of the basic freedom of expression. 3. 1. 4. Technological forces The internet changed the newspaper industry. The internet reduced the need or printing newspaper since there was already an online newspaper. Online newspapers are mostly free but some ask for payment before people can view the site.Although offering content for free to users can boost an electronic newspapers market it may also take readers away from its print edition. Hence, the significant thing for online newspapers is to differentiate themselves from traditional media so that they appear to offer something different. In the long-distance information market, print editions may not be readily available. But there are other challenges. Once the news gets on the Web, it reaches a global market. The marginal cost for delivering news to more people is zero.If an area can generate revenue that exceeds cost, it is worthwhile for electronic newspapers to explore wider markets that carry them beyond the geographical boundaries defining their print editions. How successful an online newspaper will be at attracting readers in the global marketplace is hard to predict. Experience has already shown that readerships for such publications can vary widely. Major newspapers such as The New York Times is The Wall Street Journal is attract significant numbers f visitors to their online editions from all around the world.Smaller local newspapers may continue to attract only a regional readership, even when they go online. In the international arena, online newspapers may include business people needing first-hand information from another country or travelers seeking news of native lands. While residing overseas, these users may not have access to their regular hard copy newspaper and therefore turn to its electronic version instead. Turning to the local advertising market, electronic newspapers face competition from offline and other online media operators.Printed newspapers often derive more than 3/4 of their revenue from advertising. Electronic newspapers have no strong model in this context because of advertisers concern over the endurance of the online readership and the online advertisements actual penetration. The current model requires electronic newspapers to deliver content free of charge to attract sufficient visitors to attract advertising. TO attract advertising, electronic newspapers must show an advantage over other media and over other online services.In the long-distance advertising market, electronic newspapers must array advertisements that have global appeal. This means attracting big national and international advertisers to advertise their brands on the Internet. An alternative is to persuade local companies to think globally and to explore international expansion on the Internet. There remains the problem of how to effectively measure audiences for Web advertising. Different measurement systems exist and disagreements have emerged about the effects of Internet advertising. News organizations have different objectives for establishing Web sites.Such sites can serve public relations function, operating as a brand-building tool. In this context, information is provided for free to users, because charging for exposure to a promotional feature is inappropriate. News Web sites may cover their costs through the advertising revenue they generate, as do print publications. Often, however, establishing this revenue stream takes time and an early entry into the online publishing market can enable a news publisher to learn important lessons essential to the maintenance of a viable Internet business in the longer term. . 1. 5 Competitive Forces New firms enter the newspaper industry if the current firms are earning their refits economic profits exist when returns in an industry that are superior than profits that are accessible from the substitute investments. Thus, the current firms leave the industry if the prices are high enough in order to handle their cost. Entry in the industry is complicated because the current firms are enjoying advantages Including the lower production costs that are not available to the new firms.It is important to consider that the long-run average cost of production of copies of additional newspaper decreases as the number of copies printed increase, thus the economies of scale mean a lily subscription prices than a daily that only reaches some of the minority of the newspaper buyers. Another barrier in entry in the industry is the cost of starting newspaper. It shows that costs for the daily newspapers with the estimated start-up costs for television and radio station a nd particularly websites. Furthermore, those new entrants in the industry will face higher operating cost due to extra costs such as promotion. Furthermore, the markets of the industry are facing some oblique competition between the different layers of newspapers including the national and suburban dailies ND weeklies. 3. 1. 6 External Factor Evaluation (EVE) Matrix FEE Matrix helps the strategists to summaries and assess the economic, social, cultural, demographic, environmental, political, governmental, legal, technological and competitive information.The table on the following page shows the FEE Matrix Of The Chronicles Gazette. Key External Factors Weight Rating Weighted Score Opportunities Internet 2 0. 2 2. Advancement of Mobile gadgets: cellophanes, phones, smartness etc. 15% 0. 0225 Local news coverage 3. 5% 3 0. 15 4. Support from the government The retreats Economic downturn 5. 0. 3 6. Growing competition with the online advertisers 15% Lack of interest of the public to newspaper 0. 1 8. 9. People who are willing to pay for newspaper subscription is declining 5% 0. 0025 10. Indirect competition from different layers of Newspaper 1 poor, 2 below average, 3 above average, 4 superior Total 100. 00% 1 . 3475 The total result of the FEE Matrix shows that the overall effort and performance of the newspaper company in handling the different opportunities and threats in the macro environment is poor. With this, it is important to focus on the different micro environmental factors or those internal aspects that are related with how to improve its current performance and achieve competitive advantage. 4. Internal assessment 4. . Organizational processes and structure The Chronicle Gazette has a well established organizational process and structure. The company has made sure that all the processes in making the newspaper and delivering it to clients were given much thought and consideration. The company made sure that all processes were based from high standards of quality. The company has made sure that its structure is well organized. The gazettes structure is so organized and each member of he organization is trained to find a solution for each problem. 4. 2. HER capabilities The Chronicle Gazette has a Human Resource group that hires the best journalist from the country. The HER group coordinates, communicates and discusses issues with the different journalist. The HER group also makes sure that it gathers competent workers that will print and deliver the newspapers. The HER group makes sure that the workers who will print and deliver the newspapers are given proper trainings on how to perform their duties. Lastly the HER group makes sure that they hire the best managers, sales and office personnel. Term paper free essay sample There are so many options available to how they can structure the new business(s). We will write a custom essay sample on Term paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The appropriate business entity for any individual(s) will depend on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this three-some and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business. They have the knowledge to figure it out themselves, but are looking for the advice of an unbiased 3rd party. Please consider the following tax and non-tax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark and John. After 20+ years of working for other firms, Penelope (Enrolled Agent, age 41), Mark (CPA, age 43) and John (CVA, age 65) want to leave the firms they are currently employed by and become their own bosses. Penelope specializes in Taxes, Mark is the Auditor and John is a Business Valuation expert. There are so many options available to how they can structure the new business(s). The appropriate business entity for any individual(s) will depend on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this three-some and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business. They have the knowledge to figure it out themselves, but are looking for the advice of an unbiased 3rd party. Please consider the following tax and non-tax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark and John. After 20+ years of working for other firms, Penelope (Enrolled Agent, age 41), Mark (CPA, age 43) and John (CVA, age 65) want to leave the firms they are currently employed by and become their own bosses. Penelope specializes in Taxes, Mark is the Auditor and John is a Business Valuation expert. There are so many options available to how they can structure the new business(s). The appropriate business entity for any individual(s) will depend on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this three-some and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business. They have the knowledge to figure it out themselves, but are looking for the advice of an unbiased 3rd party. Please consider the following tax and non-tax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark and John. After 20+ years of working for other firms, Penelope (Enrolled Agent, age 41), Mark (CPA, age 43) and John (CVA, age 65) want to leave the firms they are currently employed by and become their own bosses. Penelope specializes in Taxes, Mark is the Auditor and John is a Business Valuation expert. There are so many options available to how they can structure the new business(s). The appropriate business entity for any individual(s) will depend on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this three-some and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business. They have the knowledge to figure it out themselves, but are looking for the advice of an unbiased 3rd party. Please consider the following tax and non-tax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark and John. After 20+ years of working for other firms, Penelope (Enrolled Agent, age 41), Mark (CPA, age 43) and John (CVA, age 65) want to leave the firms they are currently employed by and become their own bosses. Penelope specializes in Taxes, Mark is the Auditor and John is a Business Valuation expert. There are so many options available to how they can structure the new business(s). The appropriate business entity for any individual(s) will depend on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this three-some and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business. They have the knowledge to figure it out themselves, but are looking for the advice of an unbiased 3rd party. Please consider the following tax and non-tax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark and John. Term paper free essay sample Focus: Strategic issues in risk return tradeoff relation, beta estimation, portfolio management, market efficiency, and market timing. Assignment Questions 1 Discuss the strategy and goals of Alex Sharpe and relate them to the efficient market hypothesis. 2 Calculate the return and variability (standard deviation) of Reynolds, Hasbro, and Vanguard Index 500 Trust during the past 5 years. Which one appears to be riskiest? SP 500 REYNOLDS HASBRO Mean 0.57% 1.87% 1.18% Variance 0.13% 0.88% 0.66% Standard Deviation 3.60% 9.37% 8.12% Conclusion: Reynolds appears to be riskiest. Explanation: Given the fact that risk reflects the uncertainty of future return on a given asset or a portfolio of assets, standard deviation is thus used as a measure of the risk for the reason that it examines the historical price fluctuations of the underlying assets. Hence, the higher standard deviation, the higher risk the asset bears. Based on the calculation, Reynolds is riskiest because it has the highest standard deviation. 3 Suppose Sharpe’s position had been 99% of equity funds invested in the index fund, and 1% in the individual stock. We will write a custom essay sample on Term paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Calculate the return and variability of each portfolio using each stock. How does each stock affect the return and variability of the equity investment? Which portfolio is riskiest? How does this relate to your answer to question 2? SP 500 Portfolio #1 SP500 and Reynolds Portfolio #2 SP500 and Hasbro Mean 0.57% 0.59% 0.58% Variance 0.13% 0.13% 0.13% Standard Deviation 3.60% 3.59% 3.62% Effect on the initial equity investment: Portfolio #1: Higher expected return, lower variability Portfolio #2: Higher expected return, higher variability Conclusion: Per the answer of question 2, portfolio #2 is the riskiest for the reason that it has the highest standard deviation. 4 Perform a regression of each stock’s monthly returns on the Index returns to compute the â€Å"beta† for each stock. How does this relate to the situation described in question 2 above? In what stock(s) (if any) should Sharpe invest? How might the expected return for each stock relate to its riskiness? 5 What would be your (i) goal and (ii) strategy if you are the portfolio manager? Please provide a reasonable analysis to support your goal and strategy.a Term Paper free essay sample After completing this course, students should be able to: understand and explain concepts and theories concerning the global business environment; apply conceptual frameworks and theories to current events in the global business environment and to actual behavior of firms that engage in international operations; explain and discuss the seminal and contemporary international business literature; display improved skills in critical thinking, analysis, and problem solving; demonstrate improved skills in independent research and communication; and understand the processes of working within a team or group and show evidence of ability to collaborate with others. The learning outcomes in this course also help you to achieve some of the overall program learning goals and outcomes for all postgraduate coursework students in the GAB. Program learning goals are what we want you to be or have by the time you successfully complete your degree (e. We will write a custom essay sample on Term Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page G. be an effective team player).You demonstrate this by achieving specific program learning outcomes what you are able to do by the end Of your degree (e. G. participate collaboratively and responsibly in teams). GAB Postgraduate Coursework Program Learning Goals and Outcomes 1 . Knowledge: Our graduates will have current disciplinary or interdisciplinary knowledge applicable in local and global contexts. You should be able to identify and apply current knowledge of disciplinary or interdisciplinary hero and professional practice to business in local and global environments. 2. Critical thinking and problem solving: Our graduates will have critical thinking and problem solving skills applicable to business and management practice or issues. You should be able to identify, research and analyses complex issues and problems in business and/or management, and propose appropriate and well-justified solutions. 3. Communication: Our graduates will be effective communicators in professional contexts. You should be able to: a. Produce written documents that communicate complex disciplinary ideas and 2 b. Information effectively for the intended audience and purpose, and Produce oral presentations that communicate complex disciplinary ideas and information effectively for the intended audience and purpose. 4. Teamwork: Our graduates will be effective team participants. You should be able to participate collaboratively and responsibly in teams, and reflect on your own teamwork, and on the teams processes and ability to achieve outcomes. 5.Ethical, social and environmental responsibility: Our graduates will have a sound awareness of ethical, social, cultural and environmental implications of business issues and practice. You should be able to: a. Identify and assess ethical, environmental and/or sustainability considerations in business decision-making and practice, and b. Consider social and cultural implications of business and /or management practice. 6. Leadership: Our graduates will have an understanding of effective leadership. (MBA and MBA programs only). You should be able to reflect on your personal leadership experience, and on the capabilities necessary for leadership.For more information on the postgraduate coursework program learning goals and outcomes, see Part B of the course outline. The following table shows how your course learning outcomes relate to the overall program learning goals and outcomes, and indicates where these are assessed: Program Learning Goals and Outcomes This course helps you to achieve the following learning goals for all GAB postgraduate coursework students: 1 Knowledge Course Learning Outcomes On successful completion of the course, you should be able to: Course Assessment Item This learning outcome will be assessed in the following items: Understand and explain concepts and theories concerning the global business environment.Explain and discuss the seminal and contemporary international busin ess literature. Case presentation Term paper Exam Critical thinking and problem solving Apply conceptual frameworks and theories to current events in the global business environment and to actual behavior of firms that engage in international operations. Display improved skills in critical thinking, analysis, and problem solving. AAA Written communication Oral communication Demonstrate improved skills in independent research and communication. Demonstrate improved skills in Term paper b Case presentation Part of seminar independent research and communication. Explain and discuss the seminal and contemporary international business literature. Teamwork participation mark but not separately assessed Sanderson the processes of working within a team or group and show evidence of ability to collaborate with others. Explain and discuss the seminal and contemporary international business literature. Not specifically assessed b. Ethical, environmental and sustainability responsibility Social and cultural awareness 3 LEARNING AND TEACHING ACTIVITIES 3. 1 Approach to Learning and Teaching in the Course This course is based on the most recent research and practice regarding business and management issues related to Ones. It combines multiple theoretical perspectives with practical cases, enabling students to understand how the conceptual tools work in practice.The course is taught with a participant-centered approach. The core of the course is student participation in both lectures and seminars. Throughout group work, case studies, and class discussion, students will be able to bring in their existing knowledge and contextual their theoretical analysis. Students with practical experience will e invited to share their experience with the class. The course sets clear expectations, goals, and learning outcomes for students. These are centered on the expectation that students for their future careers will want to equip themselves with the skills to deal with corporate challenges in an international context.Students will therefore be encouraged to develop analytical and presentation skills through individual research and as part Of a team. Continuous assessment during the course is done with the aim to support students in developing these skills, with timely feedback from both instructor and peer students provided. 3. 2 Learning Activities and Teaching Strategies Lectures which introduce theoretical and analytical concepts, and link the course content to current business practice. The modes of teaching for this course are: 4 Seminars which allow students to link their own experience to new conceptual tools and modes of analysis. Individual assignment which allows students to develop skills to conduct in-depth research on a selected topic.